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Streaming Glossary
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| M3U: |
A metafile which points to an MP3 stream. |
| Mbps: |
(Millions of bits per second) It is a measure
of bandwidth. A unit of information transfer rate.
While an ethernet connection can run at 10 Mbps
the average household modem still runs at 56.6 kbps
(kilobits per second) |
| Metafile: |
A file that minimally contains a URL that points
a media player toward a streaming media source.
Generally served using HTTP. May be a static file
or generated dynamically. Commonly use the filename
suffixes RAM (RealNetworks), ASX, WMX (Windows Media),
and MOV (QuickTime). |
| MP3: |
MP3 is the MPEG audio layer 3 standard. Layer
3 is one of three coding schemes (layer 1, layer
2 and layer 3) for the compression of audio signals
defined by the MPEG committee. Layer 3 uses perceptual
audio coding and psychoacoustic compression to remove
the redundant parts of a sound signal. It also adds
a MDCT (Modified Discrete Cosine Transform) that
implements a filter bank, increasing the frequency
resolution 18 times higher than that of MPEG audio
layer 2. |
| MPEG: |
MPEG is a digital video and audio compression
format that was defined by the Moving Pictures Experts
Groups which is part of the International Standards
Organization (ISO). MPEG is a lossy compression
method which uses Interframe compression. Interframe
compression assumes that although action is happening,
the background in most video frames remains the
same. This means that it is not necessary to compress
each entire frame, but only the differences between
them. The Interframe method compresses three types
of frames: I-Frames, P-Frames and B-Frames. |
| MPEG-4: |
MPEG-4 defines how multimedia streams –
video, audio, text, data – are transmitted
as individual objects. MPEG-4 is a compression/decompression
technology that aims to achieve interactivity, efficiency
and stability in narrow-band transmissions. On a
broader level, MPEG-4 aims to pave the way toward
a uniform, high quality encoding and decoding standard,
that would replace the many proprietary streaming
technologies in use on the Internet today. MPEG-4
is also designed for low bit-rate communications
devices, such as mobile receivers or wristwatches
that can display video. These devices are usually
wireless and can have different access speeds depending
on the type of connection and traffic. To overcome
this problem, MPEG-4 supports scalable content.
Content is encoded once and automatically played
back and transmitted at different rates, depending
on the available network connection. |
| Multicast: |
A process which allows a server to send one stream
to multiple recipients. This is different from traditional
streaming media, where each user connects separately
to a server. |
| Multimedia: |
The integrated presentation of text, graphics,
audio, video and animation, mostly on computers. |
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